@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600;700&family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@0,600;0,700;1,400&display=swap');
@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css');

/* ============================================================
   DESIGN TOKENS & SYSTEM VARIABLES (AI & EDUCATION SPECIFIC)
   ============================================================ */
:root {
    --primary-color: #0A192F;      /* Midnight Blue/Navy (Tech and AI focused) */
    --primary-light: #172A45;     /* Lighter Dark Navy for depth */
    --accent-color: #C5A059;      /* Academic Gold */
    --accent-glow: #F3E5AB;       /* Soft glowing gold */
    --teal-accent: #0D9488;       /* Emerald/Teal representing growth & learning */
    --teal-hover: #0F766E;
    --text-main: #334155;         /* Elegant charcoal for legibility */
    --text-dark: #1E293B;         /* Slate dark for strong titles */
    --light-bg: #F8FAFC;          /* Extremely soft blue-slate background */
    --card-border: #E2E8F0;       /* Sophisticated thin borders */
    --card-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
    --card-shadow-hover: 0 10px 30px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12);
    --white: #FFFFFF;
    --font-heading: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, Cambria, serif;
    --font-body: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
}

/* ============================================================
   BASE ELEMENT RESET & GLOBAL STYLES
   ============================================================ */
body {
    background-color: var(--light-bg);
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--text-main);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

/* Full Width Premium Wrapper */
.pkp_structure_page {
    max-width: 1560px !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    background: var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 0 40px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.08);
    min-height: 100vh;
}

/* ============================================================
   HEADER & PREMIUM NAVIGATION SYSTEM
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_structure_head,
.pkp_structure_head .pkp_head_wrapper,
.pkp_head_wrapper,
body .pkp_structure_head,
body .pkp_head_wrapper {
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border-bottom: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    position: relative !important; /* Anchor for absolute positioned child elements like user nav */
}

@media (min-width: 768px), (min-width: 992px), (min-width: 1200px) {
    .pkp_structure_head,
    .pkp_structure_head .pkp_head_wrapper,
    .pkp_head_wrapper,
    body .pkp_structure_head,
    body .pkp_head_wrapper {
        padding: 0 !important;
        padding-top: 0 !important;
        margin: 0 !important;
    }
}

/* Banner Design System (Uses exact aspect ratio 398 / 1618 = 24.60% matching ICTE Conference Proceedings header banner) */
.pkp_site_name_wrapper {
    background: url('header_banner.png') center center / contain no-repeat !important;
    height: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 24.60% !important; /* Exactly 398 / 1618 */
    display: block !important;
    position: relative !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

/* Hide Header Title Overlay since the graphic banner contains all info */
.pkp_site_name_wrapper::after {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Hide default site name logo or text inside wrapper as the banner contains all info */
.pkp_structure_head h1,
.pkp_structure_head h1.pkp_screen_reader,
.pkp_screen_reader,
.pkp_site_name_wrapper .pkp_site_name,
.pkp_site_name_wrapper .pkp_site_name a,
.pkp_site_name_wrapper a.is_text,
.pkp_site_name,
.pkp_site_name a,
.is_text,
a.is_text,
.pkp_structure_head .pkp_site_name,
.pkp_structure_head a.is_text,
.pkp_structure_head .is_text,
.pkp_head_wrapper .pkp_site_name,
.pkp_head_wrapper a.is_text,
.pkp_site_name_wrapper button.pkp_site_nav_toggle {
    display: none !important;
    visibility: hidden !important;
    opacity: 0 !important;
    font-size: 0 !important;
    height: 0 !important;
    line-height: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    border: none !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   SINGLE-ROW HORIZONTAL NAVIGATION BAR (NO WRAP, ZERO OVERLAP)
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_site_nav_menu {
    background: var(--primary-color) !important;
    border-bottom: 4px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.15) !important;
    display: block !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    position: static !important; /* static so user navigation badge anchors to top-level banner */
    width: 100% !important;
    z-index: 500 !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary_row {
    width: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary_wrapper {
    max-width: 1560px !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    padding: 0 40px !important;
    padding-left: 100px !important; /* Aligns first menu item directly with the vertical guide line at 108px */
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    flex-wrap: nowrap !important; /* STRICTLY 1 ROW */
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: space-between !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    position: relative !important;
    z-index: 50 !important;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    flex-wrap: nowrap !important; /* STRICTLY 1 ROW */
    align-items: center !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    flex: 1 1 auto !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    gap: 2px !important;
    position: relative !important;
    z-index: 60 !important;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
.pkp_site_nav_menu a,
.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a {
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary > li {
    display: inline-block !important;
    flex: 0 0 auto !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    position: relative !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a {
    color: var(--white) !important;
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 0.77rem !important; /* ~12.3px, fits 1 row comfortably */
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em !important;
    padding: 14px 8px !important;
    display: block !important;
    transition: all 0.25s ease !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important; /* NEVER WRAP */
    text-decoration: none !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    position: relative !important;
    z-index: 70 !important;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
}

/* Hide Underline Indicator on Navigation Links */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a::after {
    display: none !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07) !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) !important;
}

/* Dedicated Search Button at Far Right (Zero Overlap with About) */
.pkp_navigation_search_wrapper {
    float: none !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    flex: 0 0 auto !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    margin-left: auto !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    border: none !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85) !important;
    font-size: 0.77rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em !important;
    padding: 6px 12px !important;
    margin-left: 10px !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 6px !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

@media (max-width: 1366px) {
    .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a {
        font-size: 0.72rem !important;
        padding: 14px 6px !important;
        letter-spacing: 0.01em !important;
    }
    .pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a {
        font-size: 0.72rem !important;
        padding: 5px 8px !important;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 991px) {
    .pkp_navigation_primary_wrapper {
        padding-left: 20px !important;
        padding-right: 20px !important;
        overflow-x: auto !important;
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch !important;
    }
    .pkp_navigation_primary {
        flex-shrink: 0 !important;
    }
    .pkp_navigation_search_wrapper {
        flex-shrink: 0 !important;
    }
}

/* User Registration/Login/Admin Panel (Clean Floating Topbar - Force to Right Corner) */
#navigationUserWrapper,
.pkp_navigation_user_wrapper,
.pkp_site_nav_menu #navigationUserWrapper,
.pkp_site_nav_menu .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper,
.pkp_head_wrapper #navigationUserWrapper,
.pkp_head_wrapper .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper,
header.pkp_structure_head .pkp_head_wrapper .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper,
header.pkp_structure_head .pkp_head_wrapper #navigationUserWrapper,
html body #navigationUserWrapper,
html body .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper,
html body header.pkp_structure_head #navigationUserWrapper,
html body header.pkp_structure_head .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 15px !important;
    right: 35px !important;
    left: auto !important;
    transform: none !important;
    width: auto !important;
    max-width: none !important;
    z-index: 9999 !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    text-align: right !important;
    pointer-events: none !important;
}

#navigationUserWrapper a,
.pkp_navigation_user a,
#navigationUserWrapper button,
.pkp_navigation_user button {
    background: rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.72) !important;
    color: #FFFFFF !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.6) !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    padding: 6px 14px !important;
    font-size: 13px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(4px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25) !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
}

#navigationUserWrapper a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_user a:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color) !important;
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

/* User dropdown menu styling */
.pkp_navigation_user ul {
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.2) !important;
    border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px !important;
    padding: 8px 0 !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user ul a {
    background: transparent !important;
    color: var(--text-dark) !important;
    border: none !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    padding: 8px 16px !important;
    display: block !important;
    text-align: left !important;
    font-size: 13px !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user ul a:hover {
    background: var(--light-bg) !important;
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   PRIMARY NAVIGATION DROPDOWNS
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li {
    position: relative !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary ul ul {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 100% !important;
    left: 0 !important;
    min-width: 240px !important;
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.25) !important;
    padding: 8px 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    display: none !important;
    z-index: 10000 !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary li:hover > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li:focus-within > ul {
    display: block !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary ul li,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li {
    display: block !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    text-align: left !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li a {
    color: var(--text-dark) !important;
    text-transform: none !important;
    font-size: 0.88rem !important;
    padding: 10px 20px !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    display: block !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
    text-shadow: none !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li a:hover {
    background: var(--light-bg) !important;
    color: var(--teal-accent) !important;
    padding-left: 24px !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   USER NAVIGATION & PROFILE DROPDOWN MENU
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_navigation_user {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 12px !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    justify-content: flex-end !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user > li {
    position: relative !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user > li > a {
    color: var(--white) !important;
    font-size: 0.82rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em !important;
    padding: 6px 12px !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.8), 0 0 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.6) !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    background: rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.4) !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.25) !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user > li > a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    background: rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.75) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user ul,
.pkp_navigation_user li ul {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 100% !important;
    right: 0 !important;
    left: auto !important;
    min-width: 190px !important;
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.25) !important;
    padding: 6px 0 !important;
    margin: 4px 0 0 0 !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    display: none !important;
    z-index: 10000 !important;
    text-align: left !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user li:hover > ul,
.pkp_navigation_user li:focus-within > ul {
    display: block !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user ul li,
.pkp_navigation_user li ul li {
    display: block !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    text-align: left !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user ul li a,
.pkp_navigation_user li ul li a {
    color: var(--text-dark) !important;
    font-size: 0.85rem !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    text-transform: none !important;
    padding: 8px 16px !important;
    display: block !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border: none !important;
    text-shadow: none !important;
    border-radius: 0 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user ul li a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_user li ul li a:hover {
    background: var(--light-bg) !important;
    color: var(--teal-accent) !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   UNIVERSAL CONTENT LAYOUT SYSTEM
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_structure_content {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    padding: 30px 40px !important; /* Generous 40px padding matching i-jte.org layout */
    gap: 35px !important;
    align-items: flex-start !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
}

/* Primary column structure (Main + Sidebar) */
.pkp_structure_main {
    flex: 0 0 71% !important;
    max-width: 71% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    padding-left: 0 !important;
}

/* Sidebar structure */
.pkp_structure_sidebar {
    flex: 0 0 26% !important;
    max-width: 26% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    margin-left: auto !important;
    padding-left: 8px !important;
    position: sticky !important;
    top: 30px !important;
}

/* Article Details Page (Matching i-jte.org layout) */
.obj_article_details {
    display: block !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
}

.obj_article_details .page_title,
h1.page_title {
    width: 100% !important;
    display: block !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
}

.obj_article_details .row {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    flex-wrap: nowrap !important; /* Side-by-side layout for main_entry and cover entry_details */
    align-items: flex-start !important; /* Position cover card at top beside Authors/DOI */
    gap: 25px !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry {
    flex: 0 0 65% !important;
    max-width: 65% !important;
    width: 65% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
}

.obj_article_details .entry_details {
    flex: 0 0 32% !important;
    max-width: 32% !important;
    width: 32% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0 !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    padding: 16px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.05) !important;
    margin-left: auto !important;
}

.entry_details .cover_image,
.entry_details .item.cover_image {
    text-align: center !important;
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
}

.entry_details img {
    max-width: 100% !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    height: auto !important;
    border-radius: 6px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08) !important;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0 !important;
}

/* Clean list styles inside entry_details card to prevent gold bullets & left indentation */
.entry_details ul,
.entry_details ol {
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.entry_details li {
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    border: none !important;
}

.entry_details li::before {
    content: none !important;
    display: none !important;
}

.entry_details .galleys_links {
    margin: 0 !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   TYPOGRAPHY & TITLE HIGHLIGHTS
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_structure_main .page h1,
.pkp_structure_main .page .page_title,
.obj_article_details .page_title,
h1.page_title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 2.1rem !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    line-height: 1.35 !important;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    padding-bottom: 14px !important;
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 25px !important;
    position: relative !important;
}

/* Remove the old teal dot badge */
.pkp_structure_main .page h1::after,
.pkp_structure_main .page .page_title::after {
    display: none;
}

/* ============================================================
   CURRENT ISSUE SECTION STYLING (Homepage)
   ============================================================ */
/* "Current Issue" heading — bold italic serif like reference */
.current_issue > h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 1.6rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    font-style: italic !important;
    color: #1a1a1a !important;
    border: none !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
}

/* Remove any ::before or ::after from the current issue heading */
.current_issue > h2::before,
.current_issue > h2::after {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Volume / Issue identification — gold left border accent */
.current_issue_title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 1.2rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: #1a1a1a !important;
    border-left: 4px solid #c68a4c !important;
    padding-left: 14px !important;
    margin-bottom: 24px !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   ISSUE HEADING: COVER + METADATA + FULL-WIDTH DESCRIPTION
   ============================================================ */
.obj_issue_toc > .heading {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    align-items: flex-start !important;
    gap: 32px !important;
    margin-bottom: 45px !important;
    padding-bottom: 30px !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0 !important;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .obj_issue_toc > .heading {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        align-items: center !important;
        gap: 20px !important;
    }
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading > .cover {
    flex: 0 0 220px !important;
    max-width: 220px !important;
    width: 220px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading > .cover img {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: auto !important;
    border-radius: 6px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.12) !important;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1 !important;
    display: block !important;
}

/* Issue details container (takes ALL remaining horizontal space) */
.obj_issue_toc > .heading > .issue_details {
    flex: 1 1 0% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    width: 100% !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .issue_meta {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 16px 24px !important;
    margin-bottom: 20px !important;
    padding-bottom: 14px !important;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #e2e8f0 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .published,
.obj_issue_toc > .heading .pub_id {
    font-size: 0.92rem !important;
    color: var(--text-main) !important;
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .published .label {
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    margin-right: 6px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .pub_id.doi {
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .pub_id.doi .type {
    display: none !important; /* Logo icon already indicates DOI */
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .pub_id.doi .id a {
    color: #0A2E5C !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    font-size: 0.92rem !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .pub_id.doi .id a:hover {
    color: var(--teal-hover) !important;
    text-decoration: underline !important;
}

/* Issue Description: Expands naturally across full width with comfortable reading typography */
.obj_issue_toc > .heading .description,
.obj_issue_toc > .heading > .description {
    flex: 1 1 100% !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    font-size: 0.95rem !important;
    line-height: 1.85 !important;
    color: var(--text-main) !important;
    text-align: justify !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc > .heading .description p,
.obj_issue_toc > .heading > .description p {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 14px !important;
    line-height: 1.85 !important;
}

/* "View All Issues" link at the bottom */
.current_issue .read_more {
    display: inline-block !important;
    margin-top: 30px !important;
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 0.88rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #0A2E5C !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    border: 2px solid #0A2E5C !important;
    padding: 8px 24px !important;
    border-radius: 30px !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.current_issue .read_more:hover {
    background: #0A2E5C !important;
    color: var(--white) !important;
}

/* Section headings (for static pages like About, etc.) */
.pkp_structure_main .page h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    background: transparent;
    border-left: 4px solid #c68a4c;
    padding: 8px 18px;
    border-radius: 0;
    margin-top: 36px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

/* Remove gold bullet icon from general page h2 */
.pkp_structure_main .page h2::before {
    display: none;
}

.pkp_structure_main .page h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-top: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.pkp_structure_main .page p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-main);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

/* Unordered list layouts in articles */
.pkp_structure_main .page ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding-left: 0;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.pkp_structure_main .page ul li {
    padding: 8px 0 8px 24px;
    position: relative;
    font-size: 0.94rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
}

.pkp_structure_main .page ul li::before {
    content: '✺';
    position: absolute;
    left: 4px;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    top: 9px;
}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE LISTING & TOC (TABLE OF CONTENTS)
   ============================================================ */
.page_index_journal .pkp_structure_main,
.page_issue .pkp_structure_main {
    background: transparent;
}

.obj_article_summary {
    background: transparent !important;
    border: none !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5d5b7 !important; /* Elegant golden-divider separation line */
    border-radius: 0 !important;
    padding: 24px 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.obj_article_summary:hover {
    transform: none !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    background: rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.02) !important; /* Subtle golden glow background hover */
}

/* Remove bottom border from the last article in the listing to keep it clean */
.cmp_article_list li:last-child .obj_article_summary {
    border-bottom: none !important;
}

/* Reset article list items (override general page ul styling) */
.cmp_article_list {
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.cmp_article_list li {
    padding: 0 !important;
    border: none !important;
}

.cmp_article_list li::before {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Article title inside listings */
.obj_article_summary .title {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.obj_article_summary .title a {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 1.25rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #0A2E5C !important; /* Rich deep academic navy blue */
    text-decoration: none !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .title a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important; /* Gold hover color */
}

/* Align Authors on Left and Page numbers on Right */
.obj_article_summary .meta {
    display: flex !important;
    justify-content: space-between !important;
    align-items: baseline !important;
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
    border-top: none !important;
    border-bottom: none !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .authors {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 0.95rem !important;
    font-style: italic !important;
    font-weight: 400 !important;
    color: #666666 !important;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .pages {
    font-size: 0.95rem !important;
    color: #666666 !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
}

/* Abstract in summary */
.obj_article_summary .abstract {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #55647c;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--card-border);
    padding-top: 14px;
    margin-top: 14px;
}

/* DOI Badge on Homepage Listings (Manual or via doiInSummary Plugin) */
.obj_article_summary .doi,
.doiInSummary {
    background: transparent !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin-top: 8px !important;
    margin-bottom: 14px !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    border: none !important;
    border-radius: 0 !important;
}

/* Prevent duplicate DOI icon if an img tag is present alongside ::before */
.obj_article_summary .doi img,
.doiInSummary img,
.doi_logo {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Hide OJS default bold "DOI:" text inside doiInSummary since the icon represents it visually */
.doiInSummary strong {
    display: none !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .doi a,
.doiInSummary a {
    color: #c68a4c !important; /* Gold/orange link color matching the icon */
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    font-size: 0.9rem !important;
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .doi a:hover,
.doiInSummary a:hover {
    color: #0A2E5C !important; /* Navy hover */
    text-decoration: underline !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE DETAIL PAGE & THREE-COLUMN ENHANCEMENTS
   ============================================================ */
/* Abstract Styling */
.obj_article_details .item.abstract {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 30px;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow);
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.obj_article_details .item.abstract .label {
    display: block;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
    padding-bottom: 8px;
}

.obj_article_details .item.abstract p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--text-main);
}

/* Hide duplicate subtitle in article titles */
.title .subtitle,
.obj_article_summary .title .subtitle,
.obj_article_details .title .subtitle {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Galley Links (Sleek Rounded Buttons for PDF/HTML across Articles & Full Issue) */
.obj_article_summary .galleys_links,
.obj_article_details .galleys_links,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys .galleys_links,
.galleys .galleys_links {
    margin-top: 14px !important;
    display: flex !important;
    gap: 10px !important;
    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links li,
.obj_article_details .galleys_links li,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys .galleys_links li,
.galleys .galleys_links li {
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    border: none !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links li::before,
.obj_article_details .galleys_links li::before,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys .galleys_links li::before,
.galleys .galleys_links li::before {
    display: none !important;
    content: none !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links .obj_galley_link,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys .galleys_links .obj_galley_link,
.galleys .galleys_links .obj_galley_link {
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 8px !important;
    padding: 6px 18px !important;
    font-size: 0.75rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em !important;
    border-radius: 30px !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    background: #003366 !important; /* Premium Dark Navy matching screenshot */
    color: var(--white) !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links .obj_galley_link:hover,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys .galleys_links .obj_galley_link:hover,
.galleys .galleys_links .obj_galley_link:hover {
    background: #c68a4c !important; /* Academic Gold matching screenshot */
    transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(198, 138, 76, 0.3) !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links .obj_galley_link::before,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys .galleys_links .obj_galley_link::before,
.galleys .galleys_links .obj_galley_link::before {
    content: "\f1c1" !important;
    font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free", "Font Awesome 6 Free", FontAwesome !important;
    font-weight: 900 !important;
}

.obj_article_details .galleys_links .obj_galley_link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 8px 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    border-radius: 30px;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: var(--teal-accent);
    color: var(--white) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(13, 148, 136, 0.2);
    transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.obj_article_details .galleys_links .obj_galley_link:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Premium PDF Icon integration */
.obj_article_summary .galleys_links .obj_galley_link::before,
.obj_article_details .galleys_links .obj_galley_link::before {
    content: "\f1c1";
    font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free";
    font-weight: 900;
}

/* Metadata Badges Strip (DOI, Keywords, Citations in Abstract) */
.orcid_section,
.custom_doi_section,
.custom_keywords_section,
.custom_citations_section {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 12px 20px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE DETAIL TYPOGRAPHY & BADGE STYLING (MATCHING i-jte.org)
   ============================================================ */
/* Authors Section Formatting */
.obj_article_details .item.authors {
    margin-bottom: 24px !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors {
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors li {
    position: relative !important;
    padding-left: 20px !important;
    margin-bottom: 14px !important;
    line-height: 1.5 !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors li::before {
    content: "›" !important;
    position: absolute !important;
    left: 0 !important;
    top: -2px !important;
    color: #c68a4c !important;
    font-size: 1.4rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    line-height: 1 !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors .name {
    font-size: 1.08rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: #0A192F !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors .affiliation {
    font-size: 0.9rem !important;
    color: #64748B !important;
    display: block !important;
    margin-top: 2px !important;
    margin-bottom: 4px !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors .orcid {
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 6px !important;
    background: #f1f5f9 !important;
    border-left: 3px solid #0D9488 !important;
    padding: 3px 10px !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    font-size: 0.84rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    margin-top: 4px !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors .orcid a {
    color: #003366 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Section Header Labels ("Authors", "DOI", "Keywords", "Abstract", etc.) */
.obj_article_details .item .label,
.entry_details .label {
    font-size: 0.88rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: #0A192F !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em !important;
    margin-bottom: 8px !important;
    border-left: 3px solid #c68a4c !important;
    padding-left: 8px !important;
}

/* Abstract Box & Typography */
.obj_article_details .item.abstract {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0 !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    padding: 24px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.04) !important;
    margin-top: 10px !important;
    margin-bottom: 28px !important;
}

.obj_article_details .item.abstract .label {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 1.35rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: #0A192F !important;
    border-left: none !important;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #c68a4c !important;
    padding-left: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 8px !important;
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
    text-transform: none !important;
}

.obj_article_details .item.abstract p {
    font-size: 0.98rem !important;
    line-height: 1.8 !important;
    color: #334155 !important;
}

/* Hide redundant downloads chart ("Download data is not yet available") & main_entry galleys */
.downloads_chart,
.item.downloads_chart,
.main_entry .downloads_chart,
.main_entry .item.downloads_chart,
.main_entry .item.galleys {
    display: none !important;
    visibility: hidden !important;
    height: 0 !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

/* Entry details card items (Right side under cover image) */
.entry_details .item {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9 !important;
    padding: 12px 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.entry_details .item:first-child {
    padding-top: 0 !important;
}

.entry_details .item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.entry_details .value {
    font-size: 0.92rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #0A192F !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   HOW TO CITE SECTION UNBOLD & FONT SIZING
   ============================================================ */
.item.citation #citationOutput,
.item.citation .value,
.citation_display #citationOutput,
.citation_display .value,
#citationOutput {
    font-size: 0.88rem !important;
    font-weight: 400 !important; /* UNBOLD citation text! */
    line-height: 1.65 !important;
    color: #334155 !important;
}

.item.citation #citationOutput *,
.citation_display #citationOutput *,
#citationOutput * {
    font-weight: 400 !important; /* Ensure all inner spans & text nodes are normal weight */
}

.item.citation #citationOutput a,
.citation_display #citationOutput a,
#citationOutput a {
    color: #003366 !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    text-decoration: underline !important;
    font-size: 0.88rem !important;
}

.item.citation .citation_formats_button,
.citation_display .citation_formats_button {
    font-size: 0.78rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    padding: 6px 14px !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1 !important;
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    color: #0A192F !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
    margin-top: 10px !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   PREMIUM SIDEBAR SYSTEM (GLASSMORPHISM WIDGETS)
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_block,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0 !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.05) !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    margin-bottom: 24px !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
}

/* Sidebar widget headers — dark navy background with gold bottom border matching i-jte.org */
.pkp_block .title,
.pkp_block h2.title,
.pkp_block h3.title,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .title,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h2.title,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h3.title {
    background: #003366 !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 0.85rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    padding: 12px 16px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    border-bottom: 3px solid #c68a4c !important;
    border-left: none !important;
    border-radius: 7px 7px 0 0 !important;
    display: block !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content {
    padding: 16px 20px !important; /* Generous inner padding so images & widgets don't touch card borders */
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content img,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block img {
    max-width: 100% !important;
    height: auto !important;
    display: block !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important; /* Center visitor counters, Open Access logos, and DOI images */
    border-radius: 4px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul {
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 6px 12px !important; /* Indent list container inside card */
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li {
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li a {
    color: #334155 !important;
    font-size: 0.82rem !important; /* Smaller, crisp font size */
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 8px !important;
    padding: 8px 12px !important; /* Indented menu links */
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li a:hover {
    color: #0D9488 !important;
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    padding-left: 16px !important; /* Smooth hover indent */
}

/* Clean Custom Arrow for sidebar list items */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li a::before {
    content: "➔";
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li a:hover::before {
    transform: translateX(3px);
}

/* CTA "Make a Submission" Widget — Gold outlined on white, matching screenshot */
.pkp_block.block_make_submission {
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    padding: 24px 20px !important;
}

.pkp_block.block_make_submission .title {
    display: none !important;
}

.pkp_block.block_make_submission a {
    display: inline-block !important;
    color: #003366 !important;
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 0.8rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em !important;
    padding: 12px 28px !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border: 2px solid #c68a4c !important;
    border-radius: 6px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.pkp_block.block_make_submission a:hover {
    background: #c68a4c !important;
    color: var(--white) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(198, 138, 76, 0.3) !important;
    transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
}

/* Remove icon for Submission button (clean design) */
.pkp_block.block_make_submission a::before {
    display: none !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   TOC SECTION DIVIDER & GENERAL LAYOUTS
   ============================================================ */
.obj_issue_toc .section {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

/* Remove default solid section divider line from OJS default theme */
.obj_issue_toc .section::before,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys::before {
    content: none !important;
    display: none !important;
    border: none !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section > .title,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h2,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h3,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h4 {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 1.1rem !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    color: #888888 !important; /* Elegant gray matching screenshot */
    text-transform: capitalize !important;
    margin-bottom: 20px !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    position: relative !important;
    left: 0 !important; /* Align perfectly flush with the content */
}

.obj_issue_toc .section > .title::after,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h2::after,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h3::after,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h4::after {
    content: "" !important;
    flex: 1 !important;
    height: 0 !important;
    border-top: 1px dashed #c5c5c5 !important; /* Dotted/dashed line matching screenshot */
    background: transparent !important;
    margin-left: 15px !important;
}

/* Issue Cover Image styling */
.obj_issue_summary .cover img {
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.15);
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.obj_issue_summary .cover img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* ============================================================
   PREMIUM ACADEMIC FOOTER
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    margin-top: 80px;
    border-top: 5px solid var(--accent-color);
}

.pkp_structure_footer {
    max-width: 1400px !important;
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    padding: 60px 32px 30px !important;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.pkp_footer_content {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.pkp_footer_content h3,
.pkp_footer_content h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.3);
}

.pkp_footer_content a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.pkp_footer_content a:hover {
    color: var(--white);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Brand taglines & badges */
.pkp_brand_footer {
    margin-top: 40px;
    padding-top: 24px;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    text-align: center;
    opacity: 0.5;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.pkp_brand_footer:hover {
    opacity: 0.85;
}

.pkp_brand_footer img {
    height: 30px;
    width: auto;
    filter: brightness(0) invert(1);
}

/* ============================================================
   DOI & ORCID CUSTOM ICON SIZE & ALIGNMENT
   ============================================================ */
/* Standard ORCID custom green icon styling */
img.orcid_logo,
.orcid_section img,
.orcid_box img,
.orcid a img,
a.orcid img {
    content: url('orcid_logo.png') !important;
    height: 18px !important;
    width: auto !important;
    vertical-align: middle !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
    margin-right: 6px !important;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease-in-out;
}

/* Hide default theme ORCID raw SVG icons to prevent duplicate/unauthenticated outlines */
.orcid svg,
.orcid_icon {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Strip any default background boxes, paddings, or borders from ORCID wrapper & link */
.orcid,
.orcid a {
    background: transparent !important;
    background-color: transparent !important;
    border: none !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

/* Inject premium custom ORCID icon next to all plain-text ORCID links */
.orcid a::before {
    content: "\f8d2" !important; /* Font Awesome ORCID brand icon */
    font-family: "Font Awesome 6 Brands" !important;
    color: #A6CE39 !important; /* Official ORCID green */
    font-size: 1.15rem !important; /* Perfect size matching the text */
    display: inline-block !important;
    vertical-align: middle !important;
    margin-right: 6px !important;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease-in-out !important;
}

/* Standard DOI custom orange icon styling */
img.doi_image_label,
.doi_image_label,
.pub_id.doi img,
.doi_box img,
.doi a img,
a.doi img,
.obj_article_summary .doi img {
    content: url('doi_logo.png') !important;
    height: 18px !important;
    width: auto !important;
    vertical-align: middle !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
    margin-right: 6px !important;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease-in-out;
}

a[href^="https://doi.org"]::before,
a[href^="http://dx.doi.org"]::before,
.item.doi .value a::before,
.obj_article_summary .doi a::before,
.obj_article_details .doi .value a::before,
.custom_doi_section .value a::before,
.doiInSummary a::before,
.pub_id.doi .id a::before,
.pub_id.doi a::before,
.obj_issue_toc .pub_id.doi .id a::before {
    content: "" !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
    width: 18px !important;
    height: 18px !important;
    background: url('doi_logo.png') no-repeat center center / contain !important;
    vertical-align: middle !important;
    margin-right: 6px !important;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease-in-out !important;
}

/* Micro-animations for a premium hover feel */
img.orcid_logo:hover,
.orcid_box img:hover,
img.doi_image_label:hover,
.doi_box img:hover,
.orcid a:hover::before,
.item.doi .value a:hover::before,
.obj_article_summary .doi a:hover::before,
.custom_doi_section .value a:hover::before,
.doiInSummary a:hover::before,
.pub_id.doi .id a:hover::before,
.pub_id.doi a:hover::before,
.obj_issue_toc .pub_id.doi .id a:hover::before {
    transform: scale(1.15) !important;
}

/* Align article detail sections in main entry closest to the left margin */
.obj_article_details .main_entry .item:not(.abstract) {
    padding-left: 0 !important;
}

/* Remove legacy default theme column borders that collide with the card layout */
.obj_article_details .main_entry {
    border-right: none !important;
}

.obj_article_details .entry_details {
    border-left: none !important;
}

/* Remove legacy absolute-positioned vertical border on the right of the main column */
.pkp_structure_main::after {
    content: none !important;
    display: none !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   REMOVE SKIP LINKS BEFORE HEADER & BREADCRUMBS BEFORE TITLE
   ============================================================ */
/* Hide skip links before the top header banner */
.cmp_skip_to_content,
nav.cmp_skip_to_content,
.cmp_skip_to_content a {
    display: none !important;
    visibility: hidden !important;
    height: 0 !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
}

/* Hide breadcrumb navigation line before page & article titles */
.cmp_breadcrumbs,
nav.cmp_breadcrumbs,
.cmp_breadcrumbs_article,
.cmp_breadcrumbs_catalog,
.cmp_breadcrumbs_announcement {
    display: none !important;
    visibility: hidden !important;
    height: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   EXACT ASIACALL HOMEPAGE & COMPACT TYPOGRAPHY SYSTEM
   ============================================================ */
/* Global small, elegant academic typography matching AsiaCALL */
body, p, li, div, span, td, th {
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    line-height: 1.65 !important;
    color: var(--text-main) !important;
}

/* Current Issue Heading */
.page_index_journal h2.current_issue_title,
.page_index_journal .current_issue > h2,
.current_issue > h2,
.page_index_journal .pkp_structure_main h2:first-of-type,
.obj_issue_summary h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-style: italic !important;
    font-size: 1.75rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    margin-top: 20px !important;
    margin-bottom: 20px !important;
    border: none !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

/* Issue Title Bar with Gold Accent */
.obj_issue_summary .title,
.obj_issue_summary h3.title,
.obj_issue_toc h3.title,
.current_issue .title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 1.18rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    padding-left: 14px !important;
    margin-top: 10px !important;
    margin-bottom: 22px !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

/* Two-column Issue Layout (Cover Left, Details Right) */
.obj_issue_summary .body,
.current_issue .body {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    gap: 30px !important;
    align-items: flex-start !important;
}

.obj_issue_summary .cover,
.current_issue .cover {
    flex: 0 0 220px !important;
    max-width: 220px !important;
}

.obj_issue_summary .cover img,
.current_issue .cover img {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: auto !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.12) !important;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease !important;
}

.obj_issue_summary .cover img:hover,
.current_issue .cover img:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 14px 35px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.18) !important;
}

.obj_issue_summary .description,
.current_issue .description {
    flex: 1 1 auto !important;
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    line-height: 1.65 !important;
    color: var(--text-main) !important;
    text-align: justify !important;
}

.obj_issue_summary .published,
.current_issue .published {
    font-size: 0.85rem !important;
    color: #64748B !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   ANNOUNCEMENTS: 2-COLUMN HIGHLIGHT FIRST LAYOUT (MATCHING IJTE)
   ============================================================ */
.cmp_announcements {
    margin-top: 25px !important;
    margin-bottom: 40px !important;
}

.cmp_announcements > h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-style: italic !important;
    font-size: 1.6rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    padding-bottom: 8px !important;
    margin-bottom: 24px !important;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .cmp_announcements.highlight_first {
        display: grid !important;
        grid-template-columns: 1.6fr 1.1fr !important;
        grid-template-rows: auto 1fr !important;
        column-gap: 28px !important;
        row-gap: 0 !important;
        align-items: stretch !important;
    }
    
    .cmp_announcements.highlight_first > h2,
    .cmp_announcements.highlight_first > a {
        grid-column: 1 / -1 !important;
    }
    
    .cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary {
        grid-column: 1 !important;
        margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    }
    
    .cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more {
        grid-column: 2 !important;
    }
}

/* Featured Announcement (Left Column) */
.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary {
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    border-radius: 10px !important;
    padding: 24px 26px !important;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow) !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    justify-content: flex-start !important;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow-hover) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary h3,
.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary h3 a {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 1.25rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 8px !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary h3 a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

.cmp_announcements .date {
    font-size: 0.8rem !important;
    color: #64748B !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 6px !important;
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
}

.cmp_announcements .date::before {
    font-family: "Font Awesome 6 Free", FontAwesome !important;
    content: "\f073" !important;
    font-weight: 400 !important;
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary .summary {
    display: -webkit-box !important;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 7 !important;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    margin-bottom: 14px !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary .summary p {
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    line-height: 1.65 !important;
    color: var(--text-main) !important;
    text-align: justify !important;
    margin-bottom: 10px !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary .read_more {
    margin-top: auto !important;
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 6px !important;
    font-size: 0.82rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em !important;
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    padding-top: 10px !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .obj_announcement_summary .read_more:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    transform: translateX(3px) !important;
}

/* More Announcements (Right Column) */
.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more {
    background: #FAFCFE !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    border-radius: 10px !important;
    padding: 16px 20px !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    justify-content: flex-start !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more .obj_announcement_summary {
    background: transparent !important;
    border: none !important;
    border-radius: 0 !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    padding: 12px 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #E2E8F0 !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more .obj_announcement_summary:last-child {
    border-bottom: none !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more .obj_announcement_summary h4,
.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more .obj_announcement_summary h4 a {
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 0.92rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    margin: 0 0 6px 0 !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more .obj_announcement_summary h4 a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
}

.cmp_announcements.highlight_first > .more .obj_announcement_summary .date {
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    font-size: 0.78rem !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   SIDEBAR BLOCKS SYSTEM (MATCHING ASIA CALL & IJTE)
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block {
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow) !important;
    margin-bottom: 24px !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s ease !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow-hover) !important;
}

/* Hide empty or invisible sidebar blocks completely */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block:empty,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content:empty {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Sidebar Title Bar Header */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > .title,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > h3,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > h4 {
    background: var(--primary-color) !important;
    color: var(--white) !important;
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 0.82rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em !important;
    padding: 12px 16px !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    border: none !important;
}

/* Fix Empty Header Bars: Hide empty title tags unless targeted with fallback titles */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > .title:empty,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > h2:empty,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > h3:empty,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block > h4:empty {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Fallback Intelligent Title Labels for Known Custom Blocks with Empty Titles */
#customblock-indexed > .title:empty {
    display: block !important;
}
#customblock-indexed > .title:empty::before {
    content: "JOURNAL MENU";
}

#customblock-social-media > .title:empty {
    display: block !important;
}
#customblock-social-media > .title:empty::before {
    content: "CONNECT WITH US";
}

#customblock-publication-frequency > .title:empty {
    display: block !important;
}
#customblock-publication-frequency > .title:empty::before {
    content: "PUBLICATION FREQUENCY";
}

#customblock-6a9846dd9abb0 > .title:empty {
    display: block !important;
}
#customblock-6a9846dd9abb0 > .title:empty::before {
    content: "INDEXING & METRICS";
}

#customblock-6a9844dd07d51 > .title:empty {
    display: block !important;
}
#customblock-6a9844dd07d51 > .title:empty::before {
    content: "VISITOR STATISTICS";
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content {
    padding: 18px 20px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul {
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content p.MsoNormal,
.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-indexed .content p {
    padding: 8px 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #E2E8F0 !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li:last-child,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content p.MsoNormal:last-child,
.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-indexed .content p:last-child {
    border-bottom: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li a,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content p.MsoNormal a,
.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-indexed .content p a {
    color: var(--text-dark) !important;
    font-size: 0.84rem !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 8px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li a::before,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content p.MsoNormal a::before,
.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-indexed .content p a::before {
    content: "➔" !important;
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    font-size: 0.75rem !important;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block ul li a:hover,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content p.MsoNormal a:hover,
.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-indexed .content p a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    padding-left: 4px !important;
}

/* Social Media Block Specific Styling */
.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-social-media .content p {
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 8px 0 !important;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #E2E8F0 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-social-media .content p:last-child {
    border-bottom: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-social-media .content p a {
    color: var(--text-dark) !important;
    font-size: 0.86rem !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 10px !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-social-media .content p a[href*="youtube"]::before {
    font-family: "Font Awesome 6 Brands", FontAwesome !important;
    content: "\f167" !important;
    color: #FF0000 !important;
    font-size: 1.1rem !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-social-media .content p a[href*="facebook"]::before {
    font-family: "Font Awesome 6 Brands", FontAwesome !important;
    content: "\f39e" !important;
    color: #1877F2 !important;
    font-size: 1.1rem !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-social-media .content p a[href*="tiktok"]::before {
    font-family: "Font Awesome 6 Brands", FontAwesome !important;
    content: "\e07b" !important;
    color: #000000 !important;
    font-size: 1.1rem !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar #customblock-social-media .content p a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    padding-left: 4px !important;
}

/* Centering and scaling images inside sidebar blocks (Indexing & Visitor Stats) */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content img {
    max-width: 100% !important;
    height: auto !important;
    display: block !important;
    margin: 8px auto !important;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .content img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02) !important;
}

/* Make a Submission Button Card */
.pkp_block.block_make_submission {
    background: var(--white) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    padding: 20px !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow) !important;
}

.pkp_block.block_make_submission a {
    display: block !important;
    border: 2px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    border-radius: 6px !important;
    padding: 14px 20px !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 0.82rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.pkp_block.block_make_submission a:hover {
    background: var(--accent-color) !important;
    color: var(--white) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.35) !important;
    transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   ARCHIVES PAGE & COMPACT ISSUE COVERS SYSTEM
   ============================================================ */
.page_issue_archive,
.page_issue_archive .pkp_structure_main {
    background: transparent !important;
}

/* Archives Page Main Title */
.page_issue_archive > h1,
.page_issue_archive h1 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 2.2rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--accent-color) !important;
    padding-bottom: 12px !important;
    margin-top: 15px !important;
    margin-bottom: 35px !important;
}

/* Archive Issues List */
.issues_archive {
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.issues_archive > li {
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 0 35px 0 !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    padding-bottom: 35px !important;
    list-style: none !important;
}

.issues_archive > li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none !important;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.issues_archive > li::before {
    display: none !important;
}

/* Two-column Layout for Archive Issues */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    gap: 32px !important;
    align-items: flex-start !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border: none !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

/* Compact Cover Image (Fixed ~180px Width) */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover,
.obj_issue_summary .cover {
    flex: 0 0 180px !important;
    max-width: 180px !important;
    width: 180px !important;
    display: block !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover img,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover img,
.obj_issue_summary .cover img {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: auto !important;
    max-width: 180px !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.12) !important;
    transition: all 0.25s ease !important;
    display: block !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover img:hover,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover img:hover,
.obj_issue_summary .cover img:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 14px 32px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.18) !important;
}

/* Right Content Area of Issue Summary */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary > h2,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary > h2,
.obj_issue_summary > h2 {
    margin: 0 0 8px 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    border: none !important;
    background: transparent !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .title,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .title,
.obj_issue_summary .title {
    font-family: var(--font-body) !important;
    font-size: 1.25rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: #005696 !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    display: block !important;
    margin-bottom: 6px !important;
    border: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .title:hover,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .title:hover,
.obj_issue_summary .title:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .series,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .series,
.obj_issue_summary .series {
    font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
    font-size: 1.15rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #64748B !important;
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
    display: block !important;
}

/* Description & Metadata Typography */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .description,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .description,
.obj_issue_summary .description {
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    line-height: 1.65 !important;
    color: var(--text-main) !important;
    text-align: justify !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .description p,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .description p {
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    line-height: 1.65 !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .description a,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .description a {
    color: #005696 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .description a:hover,
.issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .description a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    text-decoration: underline !important;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary,
    .issues_archive .obj_issue_summary {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        gap: 20px !important;
    }
    .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover,
    .issues_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover,
    .obj_issue_summary .cover {
        max-width: 160px !important;
        width: 160px !important;
        margin: 0 auto !important;
    }
}

/* ── Citations Badge (Dimensions) ────────────────────────────── */
.item.citations_badge {
    margin-top: 24px !important;
    margin-bottom: 24px !important;
}

.item.citations_badge .label {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif !important;
    font-size: 0.88rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em !important;
    border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color, #C5A059) !important;
    padding-left: 10px !important;
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
    background: none !important;
    display: block !important;
}

.item.citations_badge .label::before {
    display: none !important;
}

.item.citations_badge .value {
    padding-left: 2px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

/* ── References DOI Icon Styling ─────────────────────────────── */
.item.references .ref_doi_icon {
    height: 15px !important;
    width: auto !important;
    vertical-align: middle !important;
    margin-right: 4px !important;
    margin-left: 2px !important;
    display: inline-block !important;
    position: relative !important;
    top: -1px !important;
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PREMIUM LOGIN PAGE REDESIGN
   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.page_login {
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    padding: 30px 15px 60px 15px !important;
    min-height: calc(100vh - 280px);
}

.page_login > h1,
.page_login > p:first-of-type,
.page_login .cmp_breadcrumbs {
    display: none !important;
}

.login_container {
    max-width: 480px;
    margin: 20px auto 40px auto;
}

.login_card {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border-radius: 18px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.09), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04) !important;
    border: 1px solid #eef2f6 !important;
    padding: 42px 38px !important;
    position: relative !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease !important;
}

.login_card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 5px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color, #003366) 0%, var(--accent-color, #C5A059) 100%) !important;
}

.login_header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.login_icon_badge {
    width: 64px;
    height: 64px;
    margin: 0 auto 16px auto;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.08) 0%, rgba(197, 160, 89, 0.16) 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 32px;
    color: var(--primary-color, #003366);
    box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}

.login_title {
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Lora', serif !important;
    font-size: 26px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
    margin: 0 0 8px 0 !important;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em !important;
}

.login_subtitle {
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    color: #64748b !important;
    line-height: 1.5 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.login_alert {
    padding: 12px 16px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 22px;
    font-size: 13.5px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.alert_error {
    background: #fef2f2 !important;
    border: 1px solid #fee2e2 !important;
    color: #b91c1c !important;
}

.alert_info {
    background: #f0f9ff !important;
    border: 1px solid #e0f2fe !important;
    color: #0369a1 !important;
}

.form_group {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.form_label {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 13.5px;
    color: #334155;
    margin-bottom: 7px;
}

.form_label .required {
    color: #ef4444;
    margin-left: 2px;
}

.form_label_row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 7px;
}

.form_label_row .form_label {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.forgot_link {
    font-size: 13px !important;
    color: #0284c7 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease !important;
}

.forgot_link:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color, #C5A059) !important;
    text-decoration: underline !important;
}

.input_wrapper {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.input_icon {
    position: absolute;
    left: 15px;
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-size: 15px;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.form_control {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: 48px !important;
    padding: 10px 16px 10px 44px !important;
    font-size: 14.5px !important;
    border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1 !important;
    border-radius: 10px !important;
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    color: #0f172a !important;
    outline: none !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
}

.form_control:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
    background: #ffffff !important;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.12) !important;
}

.form_control:focus + .input_icon,
.input_wrapper:focus-within .input_icon {
    color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
}

.form_remember {
    margin: 16px 0 24px 0 !important;
}

.checkbox_label {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 9px;
    font-size: 13.5px;
    color: #475569;
    cursor: pointer;
    user-select: none;
}

.checkbox_label input[type="checkbox"] {
    width: 17px !important;
    height: 17px !important;
    cursor: pointer;
    accent-color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.btn_login_submit {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: 50px !important;
    border: none !important;
    border-radius: 11px !important;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color, #003366) 0%, #004d80 100%) !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-size: 15.5px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    gap: 10px !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
    transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.25) !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em !important;
}

.btn_login_submit:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #002244 0%, #003d66 100%) !important;
    transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.35) !important;
}

.btn_login_submit:active {
    transform: translateY(0) !important;
}

.login_footer {
    margin-top: 26px;
    padding-top: 20px;
    border-top: 1px solid #f1f5f9;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 13.5px;
    color: #64748b;
}

.btn_register_link {
    color: #0284c7 !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    margin-left: 6px !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease !important;
}

.btn_register_link:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color, #C5A059) !important;
    text-decoration: underline !important;
}

@media (max-width: 540px) {
    .login_card {
        padding: 32px 24px !important;
    }
}


/* ============================================================
   NEUTRALIZE OJS DEFAULT THEME LAYOUT
   This site loads the default theme stylesheet (khoahocconggiao.org
   does not). Its fixed 728/952/1160px widths, floats, padding and
   grey vertical guide lines make the page narrower. Reset them so
   the layout matches khoahocconggiao.org.
   ============================================================ */
.pkp_structure_content,
.pkp_structure_content.has_sidebar {
    width: auto !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_structure_sidebar {
    float: none !important;
    width: auto !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main {
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    position: relative;
}

.pkp_structure_main::before,
.pkp_structure_main::after,
.pkp_structure_content::before,
.pkp_structure_content::after {
    content: none !important;
    display: none !important;
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   REGISTER PAGE (matches the login card design)
   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.page_register {
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    padding: 30px 15px 60px 15px !important;
    border-radius: 18px;
}

.page_register .cmp_breadcrumbs {
    display: none !important;
}

.page_register > h1,
.page_register > p,
.page_register .cmp_form.register {
    max-width: 720px;
    margin-left: auto !important;
    margin-right: auto !important;
}

.page_register > h1 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 8px !important;
}

.page_register > h1::after {
    margin-left: auto !important;
    margin-right: auto !important;
}

.page_register > p {
    text-align: center;
    color: #64748b !important;
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form.register {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border-radius: 18px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.09), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04) !important;
    border: 1px solid #eef2f6 !important;
    padding: 42px 38px !important;
    position: relative !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form.register::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 5px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color, #003366) 0%, var(--accent-color, #C5A059) 100%) !important;
}

/* ORCID button */
.page_register #connect-orcid-button {
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1 !important;
    border-radius: 10px !important;
    color: #0f172a !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
    margin: 0 12px 8px 0 !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.page_register #connect-orcid-button:hover {
    border-color: #A6CE39 !important;
    background: #ffffff !important;
}

.page_register .orcid_button_container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.page_register .orcid_icon {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
}

/* Sections */
.page_register .cmp_form fieldset {
    border: none !important;
    margin: 28px 0 0 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form fieldset legend:not(.pkp_screen_reader) {
    width: 100%;
    font-family: var(--font-heading, inherit);
    font-size: 15px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
    padding: 0 0 10px 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 18px !important;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-color, #C5A059);
}

.page_register .cmp_form fieldset.identity .fields,
.page_register .cmp_form fieldset.login .fields {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 16px 20px;
}

@media (min-width: 640px) {
    .page_register .cmp_form fieldset.identity .fields,
    .page_register .cmp_form fieldset.login .fields {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    }
}

.page_register .cmp_form .fields > div {
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .label {
    display: block;
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #334155 !important;
    margin-bottom: 6px !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .required {
    color: #dc2626 !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form input[type="text"],
.page_register .cmp_form input[type="email"],
.page_register .cmp_form input[type="password"],
.page_register .cmp_form select {
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    height: 46px !important;
    padding: 10px 14px !important;
    font-size: 14.5px !important;
    border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1 !important;
    border-radius: 10px !important;
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    color: #0f172a !important;
    outline: none !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form input:focus,
.page_register .cmp_form select:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
    background: #ffffff !important;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.12) !important;
}

/* Consent / reviewer checkboxes */
.page_register .cmp_form fieldset.consent,
.page_register .cmp_form fieldset.reviewer {
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    border: 1px solid #eef2f6 !important;
    border-radius: 12px !important;
    padding: 16px 18px !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .optin label {
    display: block !important;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 28px;
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
    color: #475569 !important;
    line-height: 1.6 !important;
    cursor: pointer;
    margin: 4px 0 !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .optin input[type="checkbox"] {
    width: 17px !important;
    height: 17px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 4px;
    accent-color: var(--primary-color, #003366) !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .reviewer_interests {
    margin-top: 12px !important;
}

/* Buttons */
.page_register .cmp_form .buttons {
    margin-top: 30px !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    align-items: stretch !important;
    gap: 16px !important;
    text-align: center;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .buttons button.submit {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: 50px !important;
    border: none !important;
    border-radius: 11px !important;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color, #003366) 0%, #004d80 100%) !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-size: 15.5px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.25) !important;
    transition: all 0.25s ease !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .buttons button.submit:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #002244 0%, #003d66 100%) !important;
    transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.35) !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .buttons a.login {
    color: #0284c7 !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    font-size: 14px !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

.page_register .cmp_form .buttons a.login:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color, #C5A059) !important;
    text-decoration: underline !important;
}

@media (max-width: 540px) {
    .page_register .cmp_form.register {
        padding: 32px 20px !important;
    }
}

/* Homepage announcements: reset the default theme's 65%/35% floats,
   negative margins and clearfix pseudo-elements so the 2-column grid works. */
.cmp_announcements.cmp_announcements {
    margin-left: 0 !important;
    margin-right: 0 !important;
    border-top: none !important;
    border-bottom: none !important;
}

.pkp_page_index .cmp_announcements::before,
.pkp_page_index .cmp_announcements::after,
.pkp_page_index .cmp_announcements > .obj_announcement_summary::before,
.pkp_page_index .cmp_announcements .more::before {
    content: none !important;
    display: none !important;
}

.pkp_page_index .cmp_announcements > .obj_announcement_summary,
.pkp_page_index .cmp_announcements .more {
    float: none !important;
    width: auto !important;
}


/* ============================================================
   MOBILE & TABLET LAYOUT (below 992px)
   Stack the sidebar under the main content instead of squeezing
   both into one row.
   ============================================================ */
@media (max-width: 991px) {
    .pkp_structure_content {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        padding: 20px 16px !important;
        gap: 30px !important;
    }

    .pkp_structure_main,
    .pkp_structure_sidebar {
        flex: 1 1 auto !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
    }

    .pkp_structure_sidebar {
        position: static !important;
        margin-left: 0 !important;
        padding-left: 0 !important;
    }

    /* Smaller Register / Login buttons over the banner */
    html body #navigationUserWrapper,
    html body .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper {
        top: 6px !important;
        right: 8px !important;
    }

    #navigationUserWrapper a,
    .pkp_navigation_user a,
    #navigationUserWrapper button,
    .pkp_navigation_user button {
        padding: 3px 8px !important;
        font-size: 10.5px !important;
    }

    /* Long titles, DOIs and ORCID links must wrap */
    .pkp_structure_main a,
    .pkp_structure_main h1,
    .pkp_structure_main h2,
    .pkp_structure_main h3 {
        overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    }

    .pkp_structure_main img {
        max-width: 100% !important;
        height: auto !important;
    }
}

/* Article page: stack the details card (cover, PDF, issue, license)
   below the article text on phones */
@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .obj_article_details .row {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        gap: 24px !important;
    }

    .obj_article_details .main_entry,
    .obj_article_details .entry_details {
        flex: 1 1 auto !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        margin-left: 0 !important;
    }

    .entry_details .item.copyright img,
    .entry_details a[rel="license"] img {
        width: 88px !important;
        max-width: 88px !important;
    }

    .entry_details .cover_image img,
    .entry_details .item.cover_image img {
        width: 160px !important;
        max-width: 160px !important;
        margin: 0 auto !important;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .pkp_structure_main .page h1,
    .pkp_structure_main .page .page_title,
    .obj_article_details .page_title {
        font-size: 1.6rem !important;
        line-height: 1.3 !important;
    }

    .login_card,
    .page_register .cmp_form.register {
        padding: 30px 20px !important;
    }

    .page_login,
    .page_register {
        padding: 16px 0 40px 0 !important;
    }
}


/* ============================================================
   ICON FONT & LOGIN BUTTON FIX
   The global "span { font-family; color }" rule above was also
   hitting icon spans (showing "≣") and the white Login button text.
   ============================================================ */
span.fa,
i.fa,
.fa {
    font-family: FontAwesome !important;
    font-style: normal !important;
    font-weight: normal !important;
    line-height: 1 !important;
}

.btn_login_submit,
.btn_login_submit span {
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-size: 15.5px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
}

/* OJS default theme caps form inputs at 20em; let login inputs fill the card */
.login_form .form_control,
.login_form input[type="text"],
.login_form input[type="password"] {
    max-width: 100% !important;
}

.login_icon_badge .fa {
    font-size: 28px !important;
}